Bitcoin energy consumption has become one of the most contentious environmental debates in technology. The network consumes approximately 150-170 TWh annually.
Understanding Bitcoin Energy Use
Bitcoin mining requires specialized computers to solve complex mathematical puzzles. As Bitcoin price rises, more miners join, increasing total energy consumption.
Carbon Footprint Concerns
Bitcoin carbon emissions range from 50-100 million tonnes of CO2 annually. The Bitcoin Mining Council reports sustainable energy now powers approximately 60% of mining.
E-Waste and Hardware
Mining hardware becomes obsolete within 1-3 years. An estimated 30,000-50,000 tonnes of e-waste are produced annually by Bitcoin mining.
Industry Response
Some miners locate near stranded renewable energy sources. Other cryptocurrencies have adopted proof-of-stake, using 99.9% less energy.
Regulatory Pressure
New York imposed a moratorium on new proof-of-work mining. China complete mining ban pushed operations elsewhere.